Evolution in an Urbanizing World
Harnessing soil biodiversity to promote human health in cities X Sun, C Liddicoat, A Tiunov, B Wang, Y Zhang, C Lu, Z Li, S Scheu, MF Breed, S Geisen, YG Zhu Abstract Biodiversity is widely linked to human health, however, connections between human health and soil biodiversity in urban environments remain poorly understood. Here, we... Continue Reading →
Climbing and clinging of urban lizards are differentially affected by morphology, temperature, and substrate P L Vaughn, C Colwell, E H Livingston, W McQueen, C Pettit, S Spears, L Tuhela, E J Gangloff Abstract Urbanization alters the environment along many dimensions, including changes to structural habitat and thermal regimes. These can present challenges, but may also provide suitable habitat for certain species.... Continue Reading →
Influence of habitat type and distance from source area on bird taxonomic and functional diversity in a Neotropical megacity Marcos Antônio Melo, Patrícia Mara Sanches, Demóstenes F. Silva Filho & Augusto João Piratelli Abstract The Neotropical region has been subjected to massive urbanization, which poses high risks for some global biodiversity hotspots and losses of... Continue Reading →
The effect of sex on home range in an urban population of European hedgehogs Erinaceus europaeus at the southern edge of the species distribution Jana Marco-Tresserras & Germán M. López Iborra Abstract As the transformation of natural habitats into urban environments increases, some species, such as hedgehogs, are able to adapt and thrive. Six hedgehogs, three males... Continue Reading →
Skyscrapers as Ecological Traps of the Spotted Lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae): Preliminary Observations Kenneth D. Frank & Gregory W. Cowper Abstract Since its introduction to North America from Asia in 2014, the spotted lanternfly has emerged as a pest in rural and suburban settings. In downtown Philadelphia we found adults of the spotted lanternfly... Continue Reading →
Urban-rural gradients: how landscape changes drive adaptive evolution of plant competitive traits Yuya Fukano, Kei Uchida, Yuuya Tachiki Abstract The role of competition in local adaptation and the associated traits underlying adaptation remain unclear. One reason for the lack of evidence may be that plant-plant competition is ubiquitous in natural environments; thus, local adaptation to... Continue Reading →
Cryptic eco-evolutionary feedback in the city: Urban evolution of prey dampens the effect of urban evolution of the predator Kristien I. Brans, Nedim Tüzün, Arnaud Sentis, Luc De Meester, Robby Stoks Abstract Most research on eco-evolutionary feedbacks focuses on ecological consequences of evolution in a single species. This ignores the fact that evolution in response... Continue Reading →
Unexpected dispersal of Australian brush-turkeys (Alectura lathami) in an urban landscape MATTHEW J. HALL, JOHN M. MARTIN, ALICIA L. BURNS, AND DIETER F. HOCHULI Abstract Australian brush-turkeys (Alectura lathami) are atypical urban colonising birds due to their poor flight and dispersal ability, ground foraging and nesting behaviour, and lack of parental care for their chicks.... Continue Reading →
Activity patterns and behavior of Myocastor coypus in a gated community in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (Argentina) Magdalena Salas, Julio C Hernandez-Hernandez, Martín Iglesias, María J Corriale Abstract Anthropization processes confront local wildlife with a new set of conditions that may lead to local extinctions or allow the expansion of some species. This... Continue Reading →
Artificial light at night alters diurnal and nocturnal behavior and physiology in green anole lizards Laura A.Taylor, Christopher J. Thawley, Olive R.Pertuit, Abigail J.Dennis, Isabela R.Carson, ChenTang, Michele A.Johnson Abstract Artificial light at night (ALAN) disrupts biological rhythms across widely diverse organisms. To determine how energy is allocated by animals in different light environments, we investigated the... Continue Reading →
A global meta-analysis reveals higher variation in breeding phenology in urban birds than in their non-urban neighbours Pablo Capilla-Lasheras, Megan J. Thompson, Alfredo Sánchez-Tójar, Yacob Haddou, Claire J. Branston, Denis Réale, Anne Charmantier, Davide M. Dominoni Abstract Cities pose a major ecological challenge for wildlife worldwide. Phenotypic variation, which can result from underlying genetic variation... Continue Reading →
Comfortably Numb? Regional Differences in the Relationship Between Indices of Urbanization and a Stress Indicator in Eastern Gray Squirrels Rebecca Rimbach, Alannah Grant, Pratik R. Gupte, Amy Newman, Mason R. Stothart, and Herman Pontzer Abstract Wild animals face novel environmental challenges as natural habitats give way to urban areas, with numerous biotic and abiotic differences... Continue Reading →
Urbanization drives adaptive evolution in a Neotropical bird Rilquer Mascarenhas, Pedro Milet Meirelles, Henrique Batalha-Filho Abstract Urbanization has dramatic impacts on natural habitats and such changes may potentially drive local adaptation of urban populations. Behavioral change has been specifically shown to facilitate fast adaptation of birds to changing environments, but few studies have investigated the genetic mechanisms... Continue Reading →
Effects of urbanization on the trophic niche of the brown anole, a widespread invasive lizard Zachary A.Chejanovski, Sean T.Giery, Jason J.Kolbe Abstract Urbanization is one of the most dramatic forms of environmental change with the potential to alter trophic relationships among organisms in cities. In this study, we combine gut-content and stable isotope analyses of... Continue Reading →
Urban evolution of thermal physiology in a range-expanding, mycophagous fruit fly, Drosophila tripunctata Sarah E. Diamond, Ryan A. Martin, Grace Bellino, K. Nicole Crown, Eric G. Prileson Abstract In Drosophila spp., their often high number of annual generations, large population sizes and large amounts of standing genetic variation should predispose them to undergo contemporary adaptation to climatic warming.... Continue Reading →
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