Evolution in an Urbanizing World
Coastal cities in Europe are swarmed with gulls, to the annoyance of many of those cities’ inhabitants. Gulls (Larus spp.) are naturally cliff-nesting species, but are able to thrive in urban areas because of the high food availability, the suitable climate, the similarity of nest substrate, lesser risk of predation and the presence of conspecifics... Continue Reading →
A number of years ago there was quite a lot of media attention regarding a possible case of in situ evolution of Culex pipiens form molestus in the London Underground metro system. This media buzz created speculation that this was a unique species that had risen during the over 160 year long existence of the... Continue Reading →
“Madrid declares war on plague of raccoon and parrot invaders” The Guardian (2013, July 22) “Toronto wages war on Raccoon Nation”The Canadian Press (2015, May 3) Many places have declared the war on raccoons in recent years. But is this war only making them stronger? Why declare war on racoons? The raccoon (Procyon lotor) originates... Continue Reading →
Many of the posts on this blog discuss the wide variety of life you can find in urban environments. But have you ever considered the diversity you can find in the very stones of the buildings we live in? Depending on where these stones were mined, you might be able to find some neat fossils.... Continue Reading →
With the rapid expansion of the city, the degradation of the natural environment has gradually aroused widespread concern in society. In recent years, the saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea), one of the most iconic plants in the Sonoran Desert, has attracted the attention of ecologists because of its declining population and wildfires. They began to think... Continue Reading →
A statue of a fox, as long as 16 meters with a height of over 10 meters, with a bag between its teeth sits in the middle of the Dutch city Rotterdam (Smets, 2024). It is locally known as the Bospoldervos, created by Hofman in 2020. Not without reason, because precisely in this part of... Continue Reading →
Think about a classic urban species. The first ones that come to mind are usually rats, pigeons and cockroaches. I’d bet that less than 10% of people reading this thought of a reptile. With cockroaches (and possibly ants) being the exception, most big names of the city are birds and mammals. Rats, mice, squirrels, (feral)... Continue Reading →
Did you know that it has been estimated that the anthropogenic mass, representing all human-made objects, would exceed the living biomass in 2020 ± 6 years? Each year, humans accumulate 30 Gigatons of anthropogenic mass, based on the averages of the last 5 years. The article that made these estimations even mentions that “this corresponds... Continue Reading →
Urban environments consist mostly of bricks, concrete, asphalt, metal and glass: not very alluring substrates for many terrestrial organisms. Certain mosses and lichens can be seen sometimes on walls in the city, but even they will not easily grow in direct sunlight during dry periods, especially taking the ‘urban heat island effect’ into account (Deilami... Continue Reading →
Do you remember when was the last time you blew dandelion seeds? Do you remember the last time you stopped your busy schedule and noticed a dandelion blooming? As far as I can remember, I haven't done this since I was in primary school. Why are dandelions becoming more and more rare in big cities?... Continue Reading →
Around May, enormous swarms of termites wing up, coming out from the ground, trying to find the perfect match and establish their own families. After they find each other, the lovers shed their wings and seek out locations to build their marital homes, where they then reproduce. The nuptial flight of Macrotermes barneyi occurs every... Continue Reading →
Cats are a staple in human culture. They have been fed by us, housed by us, even worshipped by us, and are still helping us with many of our problems today — ranging from controlling pests to just being a cute companion. Exactly for this reason, the cat (Felis catus) has been taken alongside man... Continue Reading →
At first glance, a city is a hodgepodge of buildings, busy streets and public squares, people, traffic, and overall bustle. Yet, if you manage to see past the cacophony of everyday life, there is so much more to explore. A small co-resident of many cities, the ivy bee, reminds us of this. Colletes hederae, more... Continue Reading →
Knotted willows characterise many Dutch landscapes, where they are often seen in a row along creeks that have existed for decades. These willows are pruned every few years, which causes the characteristic wide “knot” at the treetop to form over time. Complex shapes can form due to this pruning, and it is quite common to... Continue Reading →
Who would ever have expected to see plovers on the banks of the Huangpu River in Shanghai? The Huangpu River is the "mother river" of Shanghai that flows north throughout Shanghai. It passes some of the most population-dense regions of the city, including Lujiazui and the Bund, and provides green paths on both banks for... Continue Reading →
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